Microsoft Azure Interview Question and Answer

by Shanmugapriya J on May 27, 2025 4:50:54 PM

1. What is Microsoft Azure?

Answer:

Microsoft Azure is a cloud computing platform provided by Microsoft that offers a wide range of services, including virtual machines, storage, databases, networking, and more.

2. What are the key components of Azure?

Answer:

The key components of Azure include Virtual Machines, Azure App Service, Azure Storage, Azure Functions, Azure SQL Database, Azure Virtual Network, and Azure Active Directory.

3. What is the difference between Azure App Service and Azure Functions?

Answer:

Azure App Service is a fully managed platform for building, deploying, and scaling web applications, while Azure Functions is a serverless compute service that allows you to run code in response to events and triggers without managing infrastructure.

4. How does Azure ensure the security of data stored in Azure Storage?

Answer:

Azure Storage provides several security measures, including encryption at rest, encryption in transit, role-based access control (RBAC), virtual network service endpoints, and Azure Private Link.

5. What is Azure Virtual Network?

Answer:

Azure Virtual Network allows you to create isolated network environments in Azure and connect them to your on-premises networks securely.

6. What is Azure Active Directory (Azure AD)?

Answer:

Azure Active Directory is Microsoft's cloud-based identity and access management service. It provides single sign-on and multi-factor authentication for applications, as well as identity management for users and groups.

7. What are Availability Sets in Azure?

Answer:

Availability Sets are used to ensure high availability of virtual machines in Azure. They allow you to group VMs together and distribute them across fault domains and update domains to minimize downtime during planned or unplanned maintenance events.

8. What is the difference between Azure SQL Database and SQL Server on Azure Virtual Machines?

Answer:

Azure SQL Database is a fully managed database service in Azure, while SQL Server on Azure Virtual Machines allows you to run SQL Server in a virtual machine on Azure, giving you more control over the configuration and management.

9. How can you monitor and diagnose Azure resources?

Answer:

Azure provides various monitoring and diagnostics tools, such as Azure Monitor, Azure Log Analytics, Azure Application Insights, and Azure Advisor, which help you monitor the health, performance, and usage of your resources.

10. How does Azure Auto Scaling work?

Answer:

Azure Auto Scaling automatically adjusts the number of instances or resources based on predefined rules or metrics. It allows you to scale your applications up or down to meet demand and optimize resource utilization.

11. What is Azure Functions and when would you use it?

Answer:

Azure Functions is a serverless compute service that allows you to run code in response to events or triggers without managing infrastructure. It is suitable for scenarios such as microservices, event-driven processing, and IoT data processing.

12. How does Azure Load Balancer work?

Answer:

Azure Load Balancer distributes incoming network traffic across multiple backend resources, such as virtual machines or virtual machine scale sets, to improve availability and scalability.

13. What is Azure Blob Storage?

Answer:

Azure Blob Storage is a service that allows you to store and retrieve large amounts of unstructured data, such as images, videos, and documents, in the form of blobs.

14. How can you secure access to Azure resources?

Answer:

Azure provides various mechanisms for securing access, including Azure Active Directory, role-based access control (RBAC), Azure Private Link, virtual network service endpoints, and network security groups.

15. What are Azure Resource Manager (ARM) templates?

Answer:

ARM templates are JSON files that define the infrastructure and configuration of Azure resources. They allow you to provision and manage resources in a declarative and repeatable way.

16. What is the Azure Virtual Machine Scale Sets?

Answer:

Azure Virtual Machine Scale Sets allow you to create and manage a group of identical, load-balanced virtual machines. It helps with automatic scaling and high availability of applications.

17. How does Azure Backup work?

Answer:

Azure Backup is a service that provides off-site backup for on-premises and Azure virtual machines. It creates recovery points and stores them in Azure for data protection and disaster recovery purposes.

18. What is Azure App Gateway?

Answer:

Azure App Gateway is a web traffic load balancer that helps you manage and scale your web applications. It provides features such as SSL termination, URL-based routing, and session affinity.

19. How does Azure Active Directory B2C differ from Azure Active Directory?

Answer:

Azure Active Directory B2C (Business to Customer) is a cloud-based identity service that enables you to authenticate and manage customer identities in your applications. It is designed for external user authentication, while Azure Active Directory is more focused on internal user management.

20. What is Azure Cosmos DB?

Answer:

Azure Cosmos DB is a globally distributed, multi-model database service provided by Azure. It supports multiple data models, including key-value, document, graph, and column-family, and provides guaranteed low latency and high availability.

21. What are Azure Functions Triggers and Bindings?

Answer:

Azure Functions Triggers are events that cause a function to execute, such as a timer or a message arriving in a queue. Bindings are declarative connections between functions and other Azure services, such as storage or event hubs.

22. What is Azure DevOps?

Answer:

Azure DevOps is a set of development tools and services provided by Microsoft, including source control, continuous integration and delivery (CI/CD), project management, and testing capabilities. It helps teams to plan, develop, test, and deliver software more efficiently.

23. How does Azure Traffic Manager work?

Answer:

Azure Traffic Manager is a DNS-based global load balancer that distributes incoming traffic across multiple endpoints in different regions or Azure regions. It helps improve availability and responsiveness of applications.

24. What is Azure Container Service (AKS)?

Answer:

Azure Container Service (AKS) is a managed container orchestration service that simplifies the deployment, management, and scaling of containerized applications using Kubernetes.

25. How does Azure Functions differ from Azure Logic Apps?

Answer:

Azure Functions is a serverless compute service that focuses on running code in response to events or triggers, whereas Azure Logic Apps is a cloud-based service that allows you to build workflows and integrate systems and services by connecting predefined connectors and actions.