Arrays and Slices

12. Arrays and Slices

var numbers [5]int                 // Declare an array of 5 integers

You can initialize an array with values using an array literal.

var primes = [5]int{2, 3, 5, 7, 11}               // Initialize an array with values

Accessing Array Elements:

Array elements are accessed using their index, starting from 0.

firstPrime := primes[0]      // Access the first element (2)

Slices in Go:

A slice is a dynamic-size, flexible view of an underlying array. Unlike arrays, slices can change in size.

Declaring and Initializing a Slice:

To declare a slice, omit the array size.

var names []string               // Declare a slice of strings

You can create a slice from an existing array or another slice.

fruits := []string{"apple", "banana", "cherry"}                 // Initialize a slice with values
numbersSlice := primes[1:4]                  // Create a slice from index 1 to 3

Modifying Slices:

Slices can be modified by appending or removing elements.

fruits = append(fruits, "orange")                       // Append an element to the slice
numbersSlice = append(numbersSlice, 13)             // Append an element to the slice

Built-in Functions for Slices:

Go provides built-in functions to work with slices.

• 'len(slice)' Returns the length of the slice.
• 'cap(slice)': Returns the capacity of the slice.
• 'append(slice, element)': Appends an element to the end of the slice.

Copying Slices:

Using the 'copy' function, you can copy the contents of one slice into another.

copySlice := make([]int, len(numbersSlice))
copy(copySlice, numbersSlice)

Slicing a Slice:

You can create new slices from an existing slice using slicing.

subSlice := fruits[1:3]        // Create a slice from index 1 to 2

Nil Slices:

A nil slice has a length and capacity of 0. It's often used to represent an uninitialized or absent slice.

var emptySlice []int          // Declares an empty (nil) slice